The scale is an attempt to achieve a onedimensional measure of global selfesteem. The items are answered on a fourpoint scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Morris rosenberg the purpose of the 10 item rse scale is to measure selfesteem. The advantages of this scale over rosenbergs are in my opinion. Rosenberg self esteem scale rosenberg, 1965 the scale is a ten item likert scale with items answered on a four point scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree.
The sample size resulting from the formula applied was 415. The study consisted of the translation, adaption and analysis of the psychometric properties of the scale in a sample of university. Rosenberg, 1965 is the most widely used measure of selfesteem for research purposes but it is not a diagnostic aid for any psychological issues of states. This is important as low self esteem levels have been shown to affect mood and make people more vulnerable to certain mental health problems. It has been used for both men and women and both adolescents and adults. Self esteem is ones own feeling of worthyness, and there are various scales measuring this see also the psytoolkit implementation of rosenbergs scale. By all relevant psychometric properties the developed estonian version of the rosenberg selfesteem scale erses was identical to the original construct measuring a persons overall evaluation of his or her worthiness as a human being. If you strongly agree with the statement, circle sa. The 10 items are answered on a fourpoint scale ranging from strongly. Rosenberg, 1965 provides a measure of global selfesteem, which has been defined as an individuals general sense of personal worth rosenberg, 1979. Canning dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of d. Table 1 rosenberg self esteem scale items rosenberg self esteem scale items included in the national population health surveya,b q1 i feel that i have a number of good qualities.
Rosenberg self esteem scale rse below is a list of statements dealing with your general feelings about yourself. According to rosenberg, selfesteem is exhibited when a special object oneself has a positive or negative attitude that has basically the same qualities and attitudes toward other objects other than oneself. Self esteem is a profound and powerful human need, essential for the healthy evolution of the individual, more precise for an effective development and self accomplishment. The scale has been used in more than one hundred research projects. A theory of selfesteem 1063 is a central motive or organizing principle behind individual behavior, and self esteem appears to play an important role in the entire process. Although there are many different measures of selfesteem available. Forty hispanic adult men and women participated in the study. The scale is designed to measure the persons selfesteem understood as overall evaluation of his or her. Pdf the structure of the rosenberg selfesteem scale. Below is a list of statements concerning your general feelings about yourself.
The rosenberg self esteem scale is a widelyused test, involving a 10item likert scale with items answered on a four point scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The rosenberg self esteem scale there are a number of different assessment tools you can use to help assess your self esteem. The rosenberg self esteem scale is a 10item self report measure of global self esteem. It consists of 10 statements related to overall feelings of self worth or self acceptance. Selfesteem encompasses beliefs about oneself for example, i am unloved, i am worthy as well as emotional states, such as triumph, despair, pride, and shame. Self esteem encompasses beliefs about oneself for example, i am unloved, i am worthy as well as emotional states, such as triumph, despair, pride, and shame. According to rosenberg, self esteem is exhibited when a special object oneself has a positive or negative attitude that has basically the same qualities and attitudes toward other objects other than oneself. Rosenbergs self esteem scale has been translated into a lot of languages and is used in diverse populations. We conducted four studies to investigate a the goodness of fit of a bifactor model positing a general selfesteem factor gse. I find it difficult to hear criticism about myself.
Rosenberg selfesteem scale rosenberg, 1965 the scale is a ten item likert scale with items answered on a four point scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Please indicate how strongly you agree or disagree with each statement. Rosenberg, 1965 intends to measure a single dominant factor representing global selfesteem. The rosenberg test indicates the level of self esteem.
We conducted four studies to investigate a the goodness of fit of a bifactor model positing a general self esteem factor gse. It was designed to represent a continuum of self worth, with statements that are endorsed by individuals with low. Further support for multidimensionality within the rosenberg. Self esteem scale test rosenbergs self esteem scale test. One such example is the translation and validation of the rosenberg self esteem scale in spanish.
Since its introduction, the rosenberg general self esteem scale rgse, rosenberg, 1965 has been one of the most widely used measures of global self esteem. One common explicit self report measure of self esteem is the rosenberg self esteem scale figure 3. The spss syntax used to create the scale is included at the end of this memo. Society and the adolescent self image rosenberg pdf. Participants were administered the social anxiety scale for childrenrevised sascr, social anxiety scale for adolescents sasa, and the rosenberg selfesteem scale rses. Evaluation of the factor structure of the rosenberg self. Jan 01, 20 selfesteem has been an integral construct in the field of psychology for decades. Through correlation analysis, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, we study two different ways in dealing with the item 8 of rosenberg self esteem scale rosenberg, 1965, namely the score is counted according to the positive item method and deleting the item 8. An investigation of the relationship between selfesteem and. I feel that i have a number of good qualities sa a d sd. The rosenberg selfesteem scale is a 10item selfreport measure of global selfesteem.
Item 1 was removed from the scale prior to conducting irt analyses, due to redundancy with item 2. You can use the results of the scale to your awareness and to reflect on your current feelings. The rosenberg selfesteem scale is the most utilized measure of global selfesteem. In the 1960s, rosenberg developed a 10 item scale to measure it rosenberg, 1965. The rosenberg selfesteem scale exploring your mind. Rosenberg selfesteem scale 83 acquired a stable set of selfevaluations so that it becomes increasingly likely that even specific tasks e. Rosenberg self esteem scale 83 acquired a stable set of self evaluations so that it becomes increasingly likely that even specific tasks e. There is an alternative scale in the survey library as well, namely the state self esteem scale. The rosenberg selfesteem scale there are a number of different assessment tools you can use to help assess your selfesteem. Psychometric properties of the beck selfesteem scales. Farnham university of washington experiment 1 used the implicit association test iat. Rosenberg was the first to incorporate questionnaires into research on self esteem. This 10item scale assesses an individuals feelings of selfworth when the individual compares himself or herself to other people.
By all relevant psychometric properties the developed estonian version of the rosenberg selfesteem scale erses was identical to the original construct measuring a persons. In addition, body image was measured using the 9figure body size scale and selfesteem was analyzed with the rosenberg selfesteem scale. However, since its development, the scale has been used with a variety of groups including adults, with. It was designed to represent a continuum of selfworth, with statements that are endorsed by individuals with low. Rosenberg was a professor of sociology at the university of maryland from 1975 until his death in 1992. Originally the measure was designed to measure the selfesteem of high school students.
It consists of 10 statements related to overall feelings of selfworth or selfacceptance. Norms and construct validity of the rosenberg selfesteem. Instruments the rosenberg self esteem scale rses is made up. Simultaneous administration of the rosenberg selfesteem. Thus, a good starting point to understanding the condition of this psychological muscle is the rosenberg selfesteem scale. It uses a scale of 030 where a score less than 15 may indicate a problematic low self esteem. Exploring the universal and culturespecific features of global selfesteem david p. The rosenberg selfesteem test has been translated into more than 50 languages.
The rosenberg self esteem scale rosenberg, 1965 is 10item measure of global self worth that measures both positive and negative feelings about the self, using a 4point likert scale 0 strongly disagree, 3 strongly agree. Factor analysis identified a singlecommon factor, contrary to some previous studies. Morris rosenberg s 1965 selfesteem scale rses is perhaps the most widely used instrument for the assessment of trait selfesteem, defined as relatively stable feelings of overall selfworth. Importance and usefulness of evaluating selfesteem in children. Schwartz, 1998 to measure selfesteem by assessing automatic associations of. Creating the self esteem scale the construction of the self esteem scale is rather straightforwardit is the mean of the seven questions that constitute the scale. Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. Higher scores on the scale indicate higher self esteem. Rosenberg selfesteem scale irt item parameter estimates. The rosenberg selfesteem scale rses was adapted to the estonian language. Selfesteem is a profound and powerful human need, essential for the healthy evolution of the individual, more precise for an effective development and selfaccomplishment.
Instruments the rosenberg selfesteem scale rses is made up. Rosenberg was the first to incorporate questionnaires into research on selfesteem. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 23, 443451. I generally feel anxious in new social situations where i may not know what is expected of me. The rosenberg selfesteem scale rses rosenberg, 1979 is the most widely used, validated and documented in the academic literature. The rosenberg self esteem scale is a widely used self esteem measure with ten simple questions on a four point scale.
Rosenberg selfesteem scale rse below is a list of statements dealing with your general feelings about yourself. If you exercise it every day, everything flows, everything weighs a little less, and you have enough energy to face anything. Our online self esteem questionnaire is called the rosenberg self esteem scale and its commonly used by doctors, psychologists and therapists to help understand peoples levels of self esteem. This 10item scale assesses an individuals feelings of self worth when the individual compares himself or herself to other people. The rosenberg selfesteem scale is perhaps the most widelyused selfesteem measure in social science research. Overview and history of the rosenberg self esteem scale.
Its validity has been proven among many different sample groups of people. One of the most wellknown of these tools is the rosenberg selfesteem developed by dr morris rosenberg, professor of sociology at the university of maryland from 1975 until his death in 1992. An investigation of the relationship between selfesteem and aggression in care leavers amy h. Using rosenberg self esteem scale 1965, we have measured 1889 students in schools. The results indicated that both the self scale and the other scale had high internal consistency, adequate testretest reliability and appeared to measure unidimensional constructs of selfesteem. The rosenberg selfesteem scale, a widely used selfreportinstrument for evaluating individual selfesteem, was investigatedusing item response theory. You can use the results of the scale to your awareness and. The fields most commonly used measure of global selfesteem is the 10item rosenbergs selfesteem rse scale rosenberg, 1965. It employs a four point likerttype format of response, from strongly. By introducing the email you agree to receive materials once in a while that help you save time and be more productive. The original sample for which the scale was developed consisted of 5,024 high school juniors. The rosenbergs selfesteem scale rse is a 10item unidimensional scale designed to measure the selfesteem of high school students. Selfesteem has been an integral construct in the field of psychology for decades. Since its introduction, the rosenberg general selfesteem scale rgse, rosenberg, 1965 has been one of the most widely used measures of global selfesteem.
Measurement invariance of rosenberg selfesteem scale. This scale is has clearer data on averages in the adult population, which are available in the paper of heatherton. The ses has also been administered as an interview. The purpose of this report was to replicate marsh et al. A comparison of reliability and construct validity between the original and the revised version of the rosenberg self esteem scale. Deal with the item 8 of rosenberg self esteem scale 1965. Q3 i am able to do things as well as most other people. Subjects were assigned to the sample using an alphabetic list of all the university students. Although there are many different measures of self esteem available. However, they have found the revised version still needs more work to give better psychometric. It measures personal worth, selfconfidence, selfsatisfaction, selfrespect, and selfdeprecation. The rosenberg test indicates the level of selfesteem. I am able to do things as well as most other people. The importance of selfesteem in the prediction of other selfattitudes and behavior in.
Self esteem is an individuals subjective evaluation of their own worth. Other efforts to measure selfesteem are usually compared to rosenberg s scale. Measurement invariance of rosenberg selfesteem scale between british and chinese college students 1. Q2 i feel that im a person of worth, at least on an equal plane with others. The rosenberg self esteem scale is perhaps the most widelyused self esteem measure in social science research. Self esteem tests self esteem scale test rosenberg self. In addition, body image was measured using the 9figure body size scale and self esteem was analyzed with the rosenberg self esteem scale. Simultaneous administration of the rosenberg selfesteem scale in 53 nations. The original sample for which the scale was developed consisted of 5,024 high school juniors and seniors from 10 randomly selected schools in new york state. The results indicated that both the self scale and the other scale had high internal consistency, adequate testretest reliability and appeared to. The scale is a 10item likert scale with items answered on a four point scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Self esteem can be measured using both explicit and implicit measures, and both approaches find that most people tend to view themselves positively. The rosenberg self esteem scale rosenberg, 1965 is 10item measure of global selfworth that measures both positive and negative feelings about the self, using a 4point likert scale 0 strongly disagree, 3 strongly agree. Using the implicit association test to measure selfesteem.
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